IMAP 函数
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imap_fetch_overview

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

imap_fetch_overview — Read an overview of the information in the headers of the given message

说明

array imap_fetch_overview ( resource $imap_stream , string $sequence [, int $options = 0 ] )

This function fetches mail headers for the given sequence and returns an overview of their contents.

参数

imap_stream

由 imap_open() 返回的 IMAP 流。

sequence

A message sequence description. You can enumerate desired messages with the X,Y syntax, or retrieve all messages within an interval with the X:Y syntax

options

sequence will contain a sequence of message indices or UIDs, if this parameter is set to FT_UID.

返回值

Returns an array of objects describing one message header each. The object will only define a property if it exists. The possible properties are:

范例

Example #1 imap_fetch_overview() example

<?php
$mbox = imap_open("{imap.example.org:143}INBOX", "username", "password")
     or die("can't connect: " . imap_last_error());

$MC = imap_check($mbox);

// Fetch an overview for all messages in INBOX
$result = imap_fetch_overview($mbox,"1:{$MC->Nmsgs}",0);
foreach ($result as $overview) {
    echo "#{$overview->msgno} ({$overview->date}) - From: {$overview->from}
    {$overview->subject}\n";
}
imap_close($mbox);
?>

参见

IMAP 函数
在线手册：中文 英文
PHP手册
PHP手册 - N: Read an overview of the information in the headers of the given message

用户评论:

thinice at gmail dot com (07-Apr-2011 01:31)

Hopefully someone will find this a jumpstarter for a sortable, paginated list:

<?php
public function listMessages($nStart=0, $nCnt=10) {
   
    if (!$this->loaded) {
        return NULL;
    }
   
    if (($nStart+$nCnt) > $this->getNum()) {
        $nCnt = $this->getNum()-$nStart;
    }
   
    $aMsgs = imap_fetch_overview($this->rCon, ($nStart+1).':'.($nStart+$nCnt));
    $aRet = array();
    if ($aMsgs) {
        foreach ($aMsgs as $msg) {
            $aRet[$msg->udate] = $msg;
        }
    }
   
    krsort($aRet);
   
    var_dump($aRet);
}
?>

will (20-Jun-2009 05:43)

This seems to retrieve incomplete values for headers, instead of getting the entire value, it gets the first. for example, this is a valid To: header

To: foo1@example.com,foo2@example.com
     foo3@example.com

but imap_fetch_overview will only return:
foo1@example.com

Ben (26-Jan-2009 01:12)

Just a quick note, in case anyone else has this trouble.

Remeber that imap_fetch_overview returns an array! So even if you call it for only one message, you'll still need to pick out the first element.

<?php

// fetch overview:
$overview = imap_fetch_overview($handle, $uid, FT_UID);

// echo out, e.g., from field:
echo htmlspecialchars($overview[0]->from);
//                             ^^^ note the index!

?>

It may seem like a stupid error, but I spent a good half hour wondering why it wasn't working until I var_dump'ed $overview.

dognose (16-Jan-2009 05:15)

That's right:

calling imap_fetch_overview() once is faster, than calling it
in a loop.

But if you want to get a "day sorted" list, you need to call it in a loop, cause if you enter a "string" of UIDs, they are always sorted by UID, not by the order you entered it.

Heres a little example how to get a date-sorted list:

<?php
/*Sort all msgs by Arrival Date. Newest = 0, oldest = Array Count*/
/*returns an array, containing the UIDs of messages*/
$SortedArray = imap_sort($Handle,SORTARRIVAL,1,SE_UID);

For ($i = $Start; $i< $Start + $Limit; $i++){
      /*Read UID from Sorted Array*/
      $UID = $SortedArray[$i];
     
      /*Get Detailed MSG Infos*/
      $Overview = imap_fetch_overview($Handle, $UID, FT_UID);

      [...]
}
?>

xhack at web dot de (20-Mar-2007 03:05)

you want a sortet list of mails, but you get always the same order? your c-client seems to cause this. i realized this with linux libc6-2.3.6 and php-5.2.0

try this little code:

# here you try to sort by your criteria
$sort=@imap_sort($mbox,SORTDATE,1,SE_UID);
 
# here the order of the messages to fetch should be recognised, but it isn't

$tmp=@imap_fetch_overview($mbox,implode(',',$sort),FT_UID);
# so try to work around simply:
for($i=0;$i<count($tmp);$i++)
{ $liste[$i]=$tmp[array_search($tmp[$i]->uid,$sort)]; }

so now you can use the sort by date, address, and so on.

raja at aonic dot net (14-Mar-2007 07:22)

Here is a function to get messages from IMAP and sort them for pagination.

<?php
    /**
     * Return array of IMAP messages for pagination
     *
     * @param   int     $page       page number to get
     * @param   int     $per_page   number of results per page
     * @param   array   $sort       array('subject', 'asc') etc
     *
     * @return  mixed   array containing imap_fetch_overview, pages, and total rows if successful, false if an error occurred
     * @author  Raja K
     */
    public function listMessages($page = 1, $per_page = 25, $sort = null) {
        $limit = ($per_page * $page);
        $start = ($limit - $per_page) + 1;
        $start = ($start < 1) ? 1 : $start;
        $limit = (($limit - $start) != ($per_page-1)) ? ($start + ($per_page-1)) : $limit;
        $info = imap_check($this->_imap_stream);
        $limit = ($info->Nmsgs < $limit) ? $info->Nmsgs : $limit;
 
        if(true === is_array($sort)) {
            $sorting = array(
                        'direction' => array(   'asc' => 0,
                                                'desc' => 1),
 
                        'by'        => array(   'date' => SORTDATE,
                                                'arrival' => SORTARRIVAL,
                                                'from' => SORTFROM,
                                                'subject' => SORTSUBJECT,
                                                'size' => SORTSIZE));
            $by = (true === is_int($by = $sorting['by'][$sort[0]]))
                            ? $by
                            : $sorting['by']['date'];
            $direction = (true === is_int($direction = $sorting['direction'][$sort[1]]))
                            ? $direction
                            : $sorting['direction']['desc'];
 
            $sorted = imap_sort($this->_imap_stream, $by, $direction);
 
            $msgs = array_chunk($sorted, $per_page);
            $msgs = $msgs[$page-1];
        }
        else
            $msgs = range($start, $limit); //just to keep it consistent
 
        $result = imap_fetch_overview($this->_imap_stream, implode($msgs, ','), 0);
        if(false === is_array($result)) return false;
 
        //sorting!
        if(true === is_array($sorted)) {
            $tmp_result = array();
            foreach($result as $r)
                $tmp_result[$r->msgno] = $r;
 
            $result = array();
            foreach($msgs as $msgno) {
                $result[] = $tmp_result[$msgno];
            }
        }
 
        $return = array('res' => $result,
                        'start' => $start,
                        'limit' => $limit,
                        'sorting' => array('by' => $sort[0], 'direction' => $sort[1]),
                        'total' => imap_num_msg($this->_imap_stream));
        $return['pages'] = ceil($return['total'] / $per_page);
        return $return;
    }
?>

Group-Office Developer (10-Apr-2004 01:21)

About the sequence sorting again.
I've found that there's a significant speed improvement by preparing the sequence and then fetch them at once with large mailboxes. On small mailboxes wyou will not notice a speed difference.

But then there's the sorting problem. I've spent all night fiuring out how to do this myself. I found the solution!

Prepare an array of messages with imap_sort. Create a second array that maps the message numbers to the actuall place in the fetched array.
You know it will be in numeric order so you can make an array map with the sort() function sorting it from high to low.
Then you can proces the array fetched with imap_fetch_overview with the array_map and you will have them sorted. If you need an example look in the Group-Office code classes/imap.class.inc in a version later then 2.04.

mails at slueoend dot ch (15-Dec-2003 12:15)

Not that this function and all other imap_fetch*-functions will download the whole message and not just the header information.

se at designlinks dot net (02-Jul-2003 02:42)

To further explain 'warrenfalk's comment, the following sequences are exactly the same, and always returns messages with lowest UID to highest UID:

1:5
5:1
1,2,3,4,5
5,4,3,2,1
3,2,5,1,4

(always returned as 1,2,3,4,5)

suurenbroekNoSpam at ov35 dot NoSpam dot nl (14-Oct-2002 12:34)

Note that these object-variables only exist when they are actually in the mail.

This means that if a mail has no subject, the property $val->subject will not exist.

Calling $val->subject will generate an notice:
Notice: Undefined property: subject in /home/html/inc/Mbox.php on line xxx

Use this to check it:
if (array_key_exists( "subject", get_object_vars($val)))
   $subj=$val->subject;
else
   $subj="";

trionon at mail dot ru (25-Feb-2002 06:13)

This performance hint is useful if you need to print the result of imap_sort():

It's faster to prepare large string with UIDs and then to call imap_fetchoverview once than calling imap_fetchoverview in a loop.

steve at stevenchalker dot net (10-Nov-2001 04:26)

I think if you go like a list, you can list your "hotmail" messages.
<?php
$mbox=imap_open("{imap.server.com}","user","pass");
$MC=imap_check($mbox);
$MN=$MC->Nmsgs;
$overview=imap_fetch_overview($mbox,"1:$MN",0);
$size=sizeof($overview);
for($i=$size-1;$i>=0;$i--){
$val=$overview[$i];
$msg=$val->msgno;
$from=$val->from;
$date=$val->date;
$subj=$val->subject;
echo "#$msg: From:'$from' Date:'$date' Subject:'$subj'<BR>";
imap_close($mbox);
?>